How do sensors function within a PLC system?

Sensors play a crucial role in a PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) system by detecting changes in physical conditions such as temperature, pressure, light intensity, or movement. When a sensor detects a change in its environment, it converts that physical change into an electrical signal, which is then sent to the PLC. The PLC processes these signals and executes the appropriate control logic based on the information received.

This function is essential because it allows the PLC to monitor real-time conditions, enabling automatic responses and adjustments to machinery or processes based on those conditions. For example, in an industrial setting, sensors can detect when a conveyor belt is jammed or when a temperature exceeds a set threshold, allowing the PLC to initiate predefined actions such as stopping machinery or activating alarms.

This capability of sensors enhances the automation and efficiency of processes, making them critical components in a PLC system, whereby they serve as the input interface for monitoring and control.