What does "hot swapping" refer to in the context of PLC systems?

Hot swapping in the context of PLC systems refers to the ability to replace or add components to a system while it is still operational, without the need to shut down the entire system. This feature is crucial in industrial environments where downtime can lead to significant productivity losses and increased costs.

For instance, if a module or input/output (I/O) device fails, the hot swapping capability allows an operator to remove the faulty hardware and insert a new one without interrupting the process. This ensures that operations can continue smoothly, maintaining the overall efficiency and reliability of the system.

Additionally, this capability is supported by specific designs in the PLC hardware and is often accompanied by safety mechanisms to ensure that the system remains stable and that any potential risks when replacing components are mitigated. Hot swapping also aids in system maintenance and scalability, as it allows for quick upgrades or changes to be made with minimal disruption.